tm logo

28,744 Cosmetics and Cleaning Products Trademarks starting with P found

73269556
Dead/Abandoned

on 14 Apr 1983

PEAK

NORTHERN PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY

73269556 · 10 Jul 1980

001

003

...

DIESEL TREATMENT, RUST PREVENTATIVE, LUBRICANT, WINDSHIELD DE-ICER, EN...

73266871
Dead/Cancelled

on 10 Mar 1989

PRESSED FLOWERS

Bristol-Myers Company

73266871 · 18 Jun 1980

003

Applicant disclaims the word "Flowers" apart from the mark as shown.,A...

73266561
Dead/Cancelled

on 08 Jun 1988

PARTY STICKS

International Society for Krishna Consciousness of California, Inc.

73266561 · 16 Jun 1980

003

Applicant disclaims the word "Sticks" apart from the mark as shown.,In...

73264282
Dead/Cancelled

on 25 Jun 2005

PINE PLUS

H. A. COLE PRODUCTS COMPANY

73264282 · 02 Jun 1980

003

Pine Oil Cleaner with Deodorizing and Disinfecting Properties,No claim...

73264280
Dead/Abandoned

on 31 Mar 1982

PRECISE EQUALITY

Helene Curtis Industries, Inc.

73264280 · 02 Jun 1980

003

Cold Permanent Hair Waving Preparations for Professional Use Only,Cold...

73264527
Dead/Cancelled

on 10 Aug 2002

PERM-A-MATIC

HELENE CURTIS, INC.

73264527 · 02 Jun 1980

003

Cold Permanent Hair Waving Preparations,Cold Permanent Hair Waving Pre...

73262672
Dead/Cancelled

on 26 Oct 2002

PRACTICALITY

Helene Curtis Industries, Inc.

73262672 · 19 May 1980

003

Cold Permanent Hair Waving Preparations for Professional Use Only,Cold...

73256155
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 Sep 1988

PCW

Petrol Chemical Warranty Company of America

73256155 · 31 Mar 1980

001

003

...

Automotive Engine Cleaner and Carbon Deposit Cleaner,Automotive Water ...

73254549
Dead/Cancelled

on 22 Mar 2003

POM-MALE

Bernstein; Norman

73254549 · 18 Mar 1980

003

Hair Preparations and Cosmetics-Namely, Foot Creme, Bath Oil, Hand Cre...

73252740
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Sep 2003

PATIENTIA

Ferrokemia Ipari Szovetkezet

73252740 · 06 Mar 1980

003

Non-Medicated Preparations for Application to the Skin and to the Scal...

73251905
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Jul 2002

POLYPOLISH

Turtle Wax, Inc.

73251905 · 28 Feb 1980

003

Automobile Polish,Automobile Polish

73250526
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Jul 2002

POLY TURTLE

Turtle Wax, Inc.

73250526 · 19 Feb 1980

003

Automobile Polish,Automobile Polish

73250738
Dead/Cancelled

on 09 Dec 1988

PRIVATE LIVES

Revlon, Inc.

73250738 · 19 Feb 1980

003

Perfume,Perfume

73250023
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Jul 2002

PRIZE

Carter-Wallace, Inc.

73250023 · 13 Feb 1980

003

Dentifrice,Dentifrice

73249683
Dead/Cancelled

on 02 Oct 2005

POLAR BEAR BRAND

SHANGHAI NATIVE PRODUCE IMPORT & EXPORTCORPORATION

73249683 · 11 Feb 1980

003

005

No claim is made to the exclusive right to use "Brand", apart from the...

73248535
Dead/Cancelled

on 07 Apr 1997

POWER PAKS

DOW CONSUMER PRODUCTS, INC.

73248535 · 01 Feb 1980

003

General Purpose Hard Surface Liquid Cleaner,General Purpose Hard Surfa...

73245335
Dead/Cancelled

on 21 Nov 1989

PERRY

Perry Drug Stores, Inc.

73245335 · 07 Jan 1980

001

003

...

Lubricants and Engine Lubricating Oil,Batteries,Automotive Vehicle Rep...

73244896
Dead/Cancelled

on 22 Jul 1988

PRIDE'N GROOM

Aid Laboratories, Incorporated

73244896 · 04 Jan 1980

003

PRIDE GROOM,Hair Polish for Horses,Applicant disclaims the word "Groom...

73243134
Dead/Abandoned

on 10 Nov 1981

PANTHAIR

V.P.L. Laboratories, Inc.

73243134 · 17 Dec 1979

003

Hair Shampoos and Hair Conditioners,Hair Shampoos and Hair Conditioner...

73242035
Dead/Cancelled

on 04 Feb 1988

PERFUMATICS 2000

Revlon, Inc.

73242035 · 10 Dec 1979

003

Cologne,Cologne

73242254
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 Nov 2002

PILVIGAINE

Contier; Marcel

73242254 · 10 Dec 1979

003

"Pilvigaine" has no significance or meaning in the relevant trade or i...

73239552
Dead/Cancelled

on 15 Jun 2002

PLINE II

BIO-LAB, INC.

73239552 · 16 Nov 1979

003

2,2,CLEANER FOR STAINLESS STEEL, GLASS, MILD STEEL, GALVANIZED AND PLA...

73239112
Dead/Cancelled

on 04 Jan 1991

PHEBO

Perfumarias Phebo S.A.

73239112 · 14 Nov 1979

003

Toilet Soap,The word "Phebo" is derived from the name of a greek god "...

73238731
Dead/Cancelled

on 07 Sep 2002

POLYMETRIC

La Maur Inc.

73238731 · 13 Nov 1979

003

Hair Setting Lotion,Hair Setting Lotion

73236024
Dead/Cancelled

on 03 Jun 1988

PECAN

Merle Norman Cosmetics, Inc.

73236024 · 22 Oct 1979

003

Foundation Makeup Distributed Through Authorized Cosmetic Studios,Foun...

73235687
Dead/Expired

on 02 Aug 2003

PETALOVE

MCCRORY CORPORATION

73235687 · 18 Oct 1979

003

016

Toilet Tissue,Toilet Tissue,Cosmetic Puffs Made of Rayon and Other Fib...

73235465
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Jul 2002

P

Posner Laboratories Inc.

73235465 · 17 Oct 1979

003

PL,Hair Preparations-Namely, Hair Straightener, Hair Conditioner, Hair...

73235002
Dead/Cancelled

on 13 Jan 1988

PARAGON

Bristol-Myers Company

73235002 · 12 Oct 1979

003

005

Personal Deodorant Preparation,Antiperspirant Preparation,Personal Deo...

73233278
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 Nov 1987

PRECURSOR

Jhirmack Enterprises, Inc.

73233278 · 01 Oct 1979

003

Permanent Wave Pre-Wrap Solution for Professional Use Only,In the stat...

73233279
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 Nov 1987

PRECOCIOUS

Jhirmack Enterprises, Inc.

73233279 · 01 Oct 1979

003

Cologne and Hair Styling Set,In the statement, column 2, line 3, shoul...

73232875
Dead/Cancelled

on 29 May 1987

POWER TABS

Warner-Lambert Company

73232875 · 26 Sep 1979

003

Applicant disclaims the right to the exclusive use of the word "Tabs" ...

73229867
Dead/Abandoned

on 23 Feb 1982

PLUS 10 FORMULA

Klar; Theodore G. M.

73229867 · 04 Sep 1979

003

Without waiving its common law rights herein, applicant disclaims the ...

73227629
Dead/Cancelled

on 27 Apr 2002

PLUSH

Airwick Industries, Inc.

73227629 · 15 Aug 1979

003

Rug Cleaner,Rug Cleaner

73226526
Dead/Cancelled

on 09 Mar 2002

PROTOCOL

Perfumer's Workshop, Ltd., The

73226526 · 07 Aug 1979

003

Perfumes-Namely, Eau de Cologne,Perfumes-Namely, Eau de Cologne

73226077
Dead/Abandoned

on 27 Jul 1983

PERMA SHIELD

Bruno Dean Enterprises, Inc.

73226077 · 03 Aug 1979

003

Automobile Polish,Automobile Polish

73222901
Dead/Cancelled

on 28 Nov 1989

PROTAN

Westwood Pharmaceuticals Inc.

73222901 · 11 Jul 1979

003

Protective Sunscreen for the Skin for the Prevention of Sunburn,Protec...

73221468
Dead/Cancelled

on 07 Oct 1987

PARABOLIX 100

Sonneman; Eric O.

73221468 · 28 Jun 1979

003

PARABOLIC 100,Cleaning Composition for Reflective Elements of Light Fi...

73219681
Dead/Expired

on 12 May 2004

PRO-COTE

Turtle Wax, Inc.

73219681 · 14 Jun 1979

003

PRO-COAT,Automobile Polish,PRO-COAT,Automobile Polish

73217602
Dead/Cancelled

on 06 Feb 1987

PENNWASH H

PENNWALT CORPORATION

73217602 · 29 May 1979

003

Hand Dishwashing Compound,Hand Dishwashing Compound

73216421
Dead/Cancelled

on 26 Jan 1988

PLUSH BODY

Revlon-Realistic Professional Products,Inc.

73216421 · 21 May 1979

003

Applicant disclaims the word "Body" apart from the mark as shown.,Hair...

73215919
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 Sep 2001

PHACSIMILE

INTERNATIONAL PLAYTEX, INC.

73215919 · 17 May 1979

003

In the statement, column 2, line 4, should be deleted and "First use D...

73215702
Dead/Cancelled

on 11 Aug 1989

PATRICK ALES

Gonzales; Jesus

73215702 · 15 May 1979

003

The name "Patrick Ales" is fanciful and does not identify a particular...

73215488
Dead/Cancelled

on 29 Dec 2001

PUREX SYMBOL OF VALUE

Purex Corporation

73215488 · 14 May 1979

003

Applicant disclaims the words "Symbol Of Value" separate and apart fro...

73214567
Dead/Cancelled

on 11 Mar 2016

PINK POWER

ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC.

73214567 · 07 May 1979

003

CLEANER FOR PORCELAIN, STAINLESS STEEL AND TILE GROUT FOR INDUSTRIAL A...

73213331
Dead/Cancelled

on 04 Aug 2001

PEN-TRATE

MARLYN CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.

73213331 · 27 Apr 1979

003

PENETRATE,NEUTRAL LUBRICANT AND PENETRATOR FOR USE IN REMOVING STUBBOR...

73212547
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Jul 2002

PATRICIA DONNELLY IRISH COSMETICS

Orjene Company, Incorporated

73212547 · 23 Apr 1979

003

Skin Cream and Facial Masks,"Patricia Donnelly" is a completely fancif...

73211833
Dead/Cancelled

on 07 Apr 1988

PERSIAN STAR

Phase VI, Inc.

73211833 · 16 Apr 1979

003

Hair Coloring, Hair Shampoo, and Hair Conditioner,The word "Persian" i...

73211110
Dead/Cancelled

on 21 Jul 2001

PENN'S CHOICE

JAMES AUSTIN COMPANY

73211110 · 09 Apr 1979

003

PENNS CHOICE,DISHWASHING LIQUID,PENNS CHOICE,DISHWASHING LIQUID

73209361
Dead/Cancelled

on 29 Dec 2001

PLAIMAR

KEITH HARRIS & CO., LTD.

73209361 · 28 Mar 1979

003

Essential Oils Sold in Bulk for Manufacturing Perfumery, Medicine and ...

73208788
Dead/Cancelled

on 23 Nov 1987

PURE NATURE

Cosmerica, Inc.

73208788 · 26 Mar 1979

003

Applicant hereby disclaims the word "Pure" apart from the mark as show...

73208732
Dead/Cancelled

on 23 Mar 2002

PLACENTA PLUS OILY-OILY HAIR

MIRIAM COLLINS - PALM BEACH LABORATORIESCO.

73208732 · 26 Mar 1979

003

HAIR SHAMPOO,HAIR SHAMPOO

73208341
Dead/Cancelled

on 04 Nov 1987

PLACENTA PLUS DRY-DRY HAIR

Miriam Collins - Palm Beach Laboratories Co.

73208341 · 22 Mar 1979

003

Without waiving any common law rights in the mark as a whole, applican...

73207875
Dead/Cancelled

on 29 Oct 1987

PLAYTEX

International Playtex, Inc.

73207875 · 19 Mar 1979

003

Baby Hair Shampoo and Towelettes Impregnated with Cleaner,Baby Hair Sh...

73205747
Dead/Abandoned

on 31 Oct 1981

PST 70

California Concept Corporation

73205747 · 01 Mar 1979

003

Hair Conditioner,Hair Conditioner

73202921
Dead/Cancelled

on 01 May 1987

PURITY

INTERNATIONAL BUYERS CLUB, INC.

73202921 · 06 Feb 1979

003

Hand and Facial Soap,Hand and Facial Soap

73202529
Dead/Abandoned

on 31 Jan 1983

PRESCRIPTION PLUS

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ESTHETICS, INC. THE

73202529 · 26 Jan 1979

003

SKIN CARE COSMETICS AND PRODUCTS,SKIN CARE COSMETICS AND PRODUCTS

73199134
Dead/Cancelled

on 10 May 2003

PIQUE

Redken Laboratories, Inc.

73199134 · 08 Jan 1979

003

Perfumes and Colognes,The English translation of the French word "Piqu...

73196067
Dead/Cancelled

on 02 Dec 2001

POLY-WHITE

Faultless Starch/Bon Ami Company

73196067 · 07 Dec 1978

003

Fabric Whitening Agent,Fabric Whitening Agent

73195105
Dead/Abandoned

on 01 Mar 1979

PORTHAULT

D. PORTHAULT, INC.

73195105 · 30 Nov 1978

003

PERFUMES,PERFUMES

73194943
Dead/Cancelled

on 19 Oct 1988

PREMIERA-1

Panache Enterprises

73194943 · 29 Nov 1978

003

1,Nail and Cuticle Cream, Skin Moisturizers, Hand and Body Lotion, Ski...

73194575
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 May 1987

PEACHANDS

Pistache Pty. Limited

73194575 · 24 Nov 1978

003

Non-Medicated Preparations for Hands, Nails and Cuticles,In the statem...

73193311
Dead/Cancelled

on 14 Oct 2001

POWDER-ENE II

VON SCHRADER COMPANY

73193311 · 15 Nov 1978

003

2,Dry Cleaning Powder for Rugs,2,Dry Cleaning Powder for Rugs

73188018
Dead/Cancelled

on 11 Mar 2016

PERM-AID

ALLEGHANY PHARMACAL CORP

73188018 · 03 Oct 1978

003

Hair Conditioner,Hair Conditioner

73186532
Dead/Cancelled

on 10 Feb 2001

PERUVIAN COPPER

MERLE NORMAN COSMETICS, INC.

73186532 · 22 Sep 1978

003

COSMETICS-NAMELY, LIP MAKEUP,COSMETICS-NAMELY, LIP MAKEUP

73186162
Dead/Cancelled

on 22 Nov 1985

PICKSURE

COLLECTOR'S HAVEN

73186162 · 19 Sep 1978

003

CLEANER FOR OIL PAINTINGS,PICTURE,PICTURE,CLEANER FOR OIL PAINTINGS

73185755
Dead/Cancelled

on 02 Jun 2001

PABA STIK

ST. IVES LABORATORIES, INC.

73185755 · 15 Sep 1978

003

SUNTAN LOTION,SUNTAN LOTION

73182280
Dead/Cancelled

on 28 Apr 2001

PRINCESS MARCELLA BORGHESE

PRINCESS MARCELLA BORGHESE, INC., THE

73182280 · 16 Aug 1978

003

THE NAME "PRINCESS MARCELLA BORGHESE" IS THE NAME OF A LIVING INDIVIDU...

73181090
Dead/Expired

on 09 Aug 2000

PENATEN

PENATEN PHARMAZEUTISCHE FABRIK, Dr. MED. RIESE & CO. GmbH

73181090 · 04 Aug 1978

003

TOILET PREPARATIONS-NAMELY, BABY BATH, MILK LOTION, BABY PUFFS FOR COS...

73180338
Dead/Abandoned

on 17 Sep 1979

PLEX CLEAN

C. M. & T., INC.

73180338 · 03 Aug 1978

003

CLEANING, POLISHING AND LEAVING AN ANTI-STATIC SURFACE ON ACRYLICS AND...

73178544
Dead/Expired

on 17 Apr 2010

PALM BEACH PLACENTA PLUS "070" PLACENTAPROTEIN CONDITIONING SHAMPOO FOR WEAK LIMP AND BROKEN HAIR ACID PH BALANCED

MIRIAM COLLINS-PALM BEACH LABORATORIES CO.

73178544 · 17 Jul 1978

003

HAIR SHAMPOO,FIRST USE 1971, IN COMMERCE 1971, 1939 AS TO "PALM BEACH....

73177324
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 May 1986

PERK'S

PERKIN DISTRIBUTING COMPANY, INC.

73177324 · 06 Jul 1978

001

003

...

WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID,GASOLINE ADDITIVES, BRAKE FLUIDS AND STARTING ...

73174907
Dead/Cancelled

on 06 Jun 1986

POLLEX

WALDES KOHINOOR, INC.

73174907 · 19 Jun 1978

001

003

CLEANING AND DEGREASING SOLUTIONS FOR USE IN PREPARING SURFACES FOR ME...

73173816
Dead/Cancelled

on 14 Oct 1987

PROFESSOR DOCTOR PAUL NIEHANS

Bio-Pharma, Inc.

73173816 · 09 Jun 1978

003

"PROFESSOR DR. PAUL NIEHANS" IS A PERSONNOW DECEASED.,"PROFESSOR DR. P...

73173113
Dead/Cancelled

on 23 Jul 1985

PEN MATES

AVON PRODUCTS, INC.

73173113 · 05 Jun 1978

003

EYE SHADOW AND LIPSTICK,EYE SHADOW AND LIPSTICK

73173257
Dead/Cancelled

on 02 Oct 1986

PLAY IT AGAIN...

WOODARD LABORATORIES

73173257 · 05 Jun 1978

003

MEN'S COLOGNE,MEN'S COLOGNE

73170713
Dead/Expired

on 09 Aug 2000

PRO-TENSIVE

HELENE CURTIS INDUSTRIES, INC.

73170713 · 17 May 1978

003

HAIR CONDITIONER,HAIR CONDITIONER

73168386
Dead/Cancelled

on 02 Oct 1986

PALEE ALOE VERA

BWH, CORPORATION

73168386 · 12 May 1978

003

SUNTAN LOTION,"ALOE VERA","ALOE VERA",SUNTAN LOTION

73170022
Dead/Cancelled

on 23 Aug 1985

POLYCHEM

U.S. POLYCHEMICAL CORPORATION

73170022 · 11 May 1978

003

WATERLESS HAND CREAM CLEANER, RUG-CARPET-UPHOLSTERY SHAMPOO CONCENTRAT...

73167853
Dead/Expired

on 27 Sep 1999

PRAISE

LEVER BROTHERS COMPANY

73167853 · 14 Apr 1978

003

DISHWASHING DETERGENT,DISHWASHING DETERGENT

73162639
Dead/Expired

on 09 Aug 2000

PERFUMES OF THE STATES

SCAGLIA, JOSEPHINE

73162639 · 17 Mar 1978

003

APPLICANT DISCLAIMS THE WORD "PERFUMES" APART FROM THE MARK AS SHOWN.,...

73161822
Dead/Cancelled

on 24 Jun 1985

PACE

PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, THE

73161822 · 13 Mar 1978

003

SKIN CREAM AND CREME RINSE AND CONDITIONER FOR THE HAIR,SKIN CREAM AND...

73158000
Dead/Cancelled

on 15 Dec 2000

PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING, INC.

73158000 · 10 Feb 1978

003

COMPOSITION FOR REMOVING RUST PREVENTATIVE COATINGS, DIRT, GREASE, GRI...

73151540
Dead/Cancelled

on 20 Feb 1985

PARABOLA

73151540 · 09 Dec 1977

003

DUSTING POWDER AND TOILET SOAP,DUSTING POWDER AND TOILET SOAP

73147582
Dead/Cancelled

on 29 Nov 1985

PERFECT PERM

L'OREAL

73147582 · 07 Nov 1977

003

PERMANENT WAVE PREPARATIN,PERMANENT WAVE PREPARATIN

73145455
Dead/Expired

on 02 Mar 1999

PURE YOU

MENNEN COMPANY, THE

73145455 · 20 Oct 1977

003

HAND LOTION AND BODY LOTION,HAND LOTION AND BODY LOTION

73144889
Dead/Cancelled

on 04 Mar 1986

PRE TAN ALOE DABA SUPER SUNSCREEN LOTION

TANNING RESEARCH LABORATORIES, INC.

73144889 · 17 Oct 1977

003

COSMETIC PREPARATIONS-NAMELY, SUNSCREEN AND TANNING LOTION,COSMETIC PR...

73144206
Dead/Cancelled

on 30 May 1985

POLYSHIELD 32

SPARTAN CHEMICAL CO., INC.

73144206 · 11 Oct 1977

003

CARPET SHAMPOO,CARPET SHAMPOO

73143835
Dead/Cancelled

on 15 Jun 2012

PANDA BRAND

ACME PAPER & SUPPLY CO., INC.

73143835 · 06 Oct 1977

003

005

...

No claim is made to exclusive use of the word "Brand" apart from the m...

73143827
Dead/Cancelled

on 15 Oct 2021

PRE-OIL-BREAK

DIVERSEY, INC.

73143827 · 06 Oct 1977

003

SPOTTING AGENT FOR CLEANING TEXTILE

73140373
Dead/Cancelled

on 15 Jan 1985

POWER GLOSS

Torco Oil Company

73140373 · 08 Sep 1977

003

POLISH AND FINISH PROTECTOR FOR USE UPON VEHICLE BODIES, FURNITURE AND...

73139055
Dead/Cancelled

on 26 Feb 1985

PACE

73139055 · 24 Aug 1977

003

HOME PERMANENT WAVE KIT,HOME PERMANENT WAVE KIT

73137350
Dead/Expired

on 30 Mar 1999

PERM REPAIR

PRO-LINE CORPORATION

73137350 · 12 Aug 1977

003

APPLICANT DISCLAIMS THE DESCRIPTIVE WORD "PERM" APART FROM THE MARK AS...

73137435
Dead/Cancelled

on 24 Jul 1984

P PEOPLES

PEOPLES DRUG STORES, INCORPORATED

73137435 · 12 Aug 1977

003

COLD WATER WASH,COLD WATER WASH

73134853
Dead/Cancelled

on 23 Dec 2000

PRO-TECH

WILLIAMS, DREW

73134853 · 21 Jul 1977

003

RUST INHIBITOR FOR USE WITH AUTOMOTIVE BODIES,RUST INHIBITOR FOR USE W...

73133920
Dead/Expired

on 16 Nov 1998

PHRECEDENT

Jhirmack Enterprises, Inc.

73133920 · 14 Jul 1977

003

WRINKLE SMOOTHING SKIN CREAM,In the statement, column 2, lines 3 and 4...

73128534
Dead/Expired

on 17 Jan 2009

PLACENTA PLUS

GOLDBERG CONSULTING LLC

73128534 · 31 May 1977

003

HAIR CARE PRODUCTS-NAMELY, SHAMPOO, SETTING LOTION, WAVE LOTION, HAIR ...

73128151
Dead/Expired

on 12 Jul 1999

PABANOL

THOMAS C. ELDER, INC.

73128151 · 26 May 1977

003

TOPICAL COMPOSTIION FOR THE PREVENTION OF SUNBURN AND CONTROL OF SKIN ...

73127307
Dead/Expired

on 09 Nov 1998

PROTO SHEEN

FABERGE, INCORPORATED

73127307 · 19 May 1977

003

APPLICANT MAKES NO CLAIM TO THE USE OF THE WORD "SHEEN" APART FROM THE...

73127333
Dead/Expired

on 24 Jan 2009

PROTO SET

CONAIR CORPORATION

73127333 · 19 May 1977

003

HAIR STYLING GEL,APPLICANT MAKES NO CLAIM TO THE WORD "SET" APART FROM...

73127287
Dead/Expired

on 08 Nov 2008

POROFILL

CONAIR CORPORATION

73127287 · 19 May 1977

003

HAIR CONDITIONER,HAIR CONDITIONER